Το φυσικό δίκαιο στον Hobbes και στον Spinoza: συγκριτική θεώρηση

Abstract

In this paper we examine the views of HOBBES and SPINOZA in the question of Natural Right and try to compare them.HOBBES’s aim was to show human beings how best to satisfy their desires by instituting mutually useful political and social constraints of their passions and so to maximize their chances for a relatively long and pleasant life. According to HOBBES we enter in a contractual relationship with our fellow men and erect a Sovereign after deciding to abandon the state of nature , an amoral state in which every man has a right to every thing.As for SPINOZA he believed that the state of nature continues to exist in the political society denying not only the existence but also the necessity of a contract as a base of the State. On the contrary SPINOZA focused on the concept of power and he proclaimed that the right of each thing extends as far as its power does. So he focused on what on could name the essence on politics, that is competition and struggle.