Θεωρία παιγνίων και η εφαρμογή της στο διεθνές εμπόριο

Abstract

Αντικείμενο της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι ο συνδυασμός Θεωρίας Παιγνίων και του Διεθνούς Εμπορίου. Αρχικά γίνεται μια θεωρητική παρουσίαση της Θεωρίας Παιγνίων. Έπειτα ακολουθεί ένα μοντέλο που συνδυάζει την Οικονομετρία και την Θεωρία Παιγνίων για να προσδιορίσει την κατάσταση του εμπορικού ισοζυγίου μεταξύ της Ο.Ν.Ε. και της Λ.Δ.Κ. και την βέλτιστη στρατηγική που πρέπει να ακολουθήσουν οι δυο οικονομίες, έχοντας σαν στόχο τις λιγότερες απώλειες.

This master thesis describes a Game Theory approach of Global Economics. Inspired by the father of Global Economics David Ricardo, who argued tha free trade between the countries is a positine sum Game, an empirical work is attempted in order to describe bilaterla trade impalances through a game theory point of view. In the firts section a short description of the histopry of Game Theory is described, as well aw the main assumptions an a clarification of games according to the game outcome. The clarification through the game outcome descibes: 1) Impartial Combination Games, b) Two person Zero games and c) Two person General-Sum games, which also present a theoretical approach of the combination between Game Theory and Global Economics. In the secfond section the empirical work is presented, which is an interaction of Economietrics ang Game Theory. The section begins with a short presentation of the players, PRC and EU and their trade magnitudes. A regression analyses is followed based on their main macroeconomic indicators ex. GDP, UNLCI etc. Finally the regression estimator is used to compute players' payoffs in a zero sum game. The zero sum game presents the final strategies thatr are followed by the players, accdordin the minimax theory. In the third chapter the conclusion is carried out by trhe empirical results vs the actual data provided by Eurostat. Recommendations are also provided in order to improve the empirical investigation and the relationship between the two players/economies.